The security situation has changed drastically worldwide. This poses enormous challenges for global arms control, disarmament and non-proliferation. The Federal Government reached this conclusion in its “Report on the status of arms control, disarmament and non-proliferation efforts and the development of armed forces potential for 2025”.

The Federal Government’s security policy focuses on strengthening deterrence and defence capabilities. The aim is to ensure that the citizens of Germany can continue to live in peace, freedom and security in the future. 

Russia as greatest threat 

According to the report, the greatest threat continues to come from Russia, which is continuing its war of aggression against Ukraine with undiminished vigour and continuing its massive military build-up. Against this backdrop, secure defence capabilities and credible deterrence by NATO are of central importance for the security of Germany and Europe. 

In addition to Russia, the USA is also trying to persuade China to take part in talks on nuclear arms control. China continues to produce nuclear warheads and now has the third largest nuclear arsenal in the world. Thus far, however, China has shown no willingness to commit to any defence policy.

Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty is the cornerstone

For the Federal Government, the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT) is the cornerstone of the international nuclear order. The treaty has been in force since 1970 and aims to prevent the proliferation of nuclear weapons, promote the peaceful use of nuclear energy and contribute to the disarmament of nuclear weapons.

The Federal Government is demanding full transparency from Iran. It is also pressing for the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) to be given access to the controversial Iranian nuclear facilities. North Korea is also called upon to completely and verifiably end its nuclear weapons programme. 

New challenges 

New technologies, in particular biotechnology, artificial intelligence (AI) and quantum technology, pose further challenges. Their opportunities and risks must be better understood in the context of arms control. The Federal Government is working internationally to establish regulations relating to systems with autonomous functions and for the responsible use of AI in the military sector.